Butane is commonly used in medical equipment as a clean-burning fuel source for heating instruments. Additionally, its low boiling point makes it an effective low-pressure solvent for extracting compounds. Which of the following characterizes butane?
- high solubility in water
- strong dipole moment
- high molecular weight
- low solubility in water
Click for Explanation
Butane is a four carbon alkane. As such, it is non-polar and low in molecular weight. Solubility in water is primarily governed by polarity and ability to hydrogen-bond, both of which butane lacks. Choice d is the best choice, low solubility in water.
A .high solubility in water, incorrect, Nonpolar compounds do not dissolve well in water.
B. strong dipole moment, incorrect, Alkanes lack dipole moments.
C. high molecular weight, incorrect, A four carbon alkane has low molecular weight. High molecular weight on the MCAT is often used to describe long-chain polymers and very large molecules, and butane does not qualify for either designation.
D. low solubility in water, correct.
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